REFLECTION

The unique make-up of how we are created also interprets over to one’s individual learning style.  Processing information is affected by numerous intrinsic and extrinsic factors. For instructors to be on the same page with students differences, it is an effective strategy to be versed in all learning theories. “…Teaching is a multifaceted entity…” (Kapp, 2007).   Though learning theories have the same basic principle, the outcome, they can come across as polar opposites.  As Bill Kerr states, “…each _ism is offering something useful without any of them being complete or stand alone in their own right” (Kerr, 2007).  No specific theory is a catch-all for each and every person’s learning style.

I came to the realization that what I thought I knew about my learning styles isn’t quite the case.  I am not any smarter than anyone else; if something comes easily it is due to prior knowledge and making connections (Ormrod, Schunk, & Gredler, 2009).  I have been able to label styles and theories which has enhanced my personal learning.  The Adult Learning Theory states that adults “are motivated by internal rather than external factors” (Conlan, Grabowski, & Smith, 2003).  This explains how my learning style is accentuated by internal motivation.

The ability to deliver the most effective material is centered on learning theories with learning styles being an approach to how the student will approach the material. Educational technology is a means on how to deliver the effective instruction; especially in an online environment where keeping students engaged and motivate is imperative for a successful course. This foundational course has given me a solid platform on how to infuse technology and motivational techniques into design and the importance of using differentiated instruction as a way to reach all learner types. One the most applicable piece of information I take away from this course is using the systematic approach offered by the ACRS model. This model will help me, as a designer, create more effective learning programs by tapping into the learners existing knowledge to make learning relevant. The technology piece of this course i.e. blogging, was new to me and something I found entertaining, not only writing my own but researching and reviewing others.

References

Kapp, K. (2007, January 2). Out and About: Discussion on educational schools of thought [Blog post]. Retrieved from http://www.uleduneering.com/kappnotes/index.php/2007/01/out-and-about-discussion-on-educational/

Kerr, B. (2007, January 1). _isms as filter, not blinker [Blog post]. Retrieved from http://billkerr2.blogspot.com/2007/01/isms-as-filter-not-blinker.html

Conlan, J., Grabowski, S., & Smith, K.. (2003). Adult Learning. In M. Orey (Ed.), Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology. Retrieved <insert date>, fromhttp://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/

Fitting the Pieces Together

Fitting the Pieces Together

When I started this course, I felt my learning style leaned towards that of constructivism. The constructivism theory “is a function of how the individual creates meaning from his or her own experiences” (Ertmer & Newby, 1993). Basically the learner creates meaning from the learning experience based on his or her own perceptions of reality. With that being said and as the course has advanced, my learning has portions of connectivism.  Being in school and working online relates with connectivism because, “we’re dealing with complex environments that are systems-based…emphasis on social dimensions”  (Laureate Education, 2013).  Also, there are fragments of Adult Learner theory as I am well into my adulthood; the need to succeed brought on by intrinsic factors,

Learning theories overlap and essentially one begins where another ends. Why is that? …the simple answer is because the outcome is inherently the same. “Educators who believe in the concepts of learning styles…bring an approach to their teaching of focusing on how students learn the unique qualities of each learner; each theory offers a comprehensive approach to learning…each can be a catalyst for positive student learning…each forces us to examine our values about people, learning and education” (Guild, 1997).  No one theory is better than another, however knowing all theories will make you a more successful teacher/trainer/designer.  Each theory has information that as a learner or teacher you can choose take away and add to your tool box.  More ideas equate to a better opportunity to effectively help each and every learner.

Utilizing the newest forms of technology increases our opportunity for learning. Sharing documents and information through cloud computing promotes connectivism; along with blogs and wikis. Most new forms of technology are internet-focused which has helped with the emergence of online courses and virtually eliminating our issues with synchronous communication with others across the globe. Technology has truly made our global world appear smaller and smaller on a daily basis.

Ertmer, P. A., & Newby, T. J. (1993). Behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism: Comparing critical features from an instructional design perspective. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 6(4), 50–71. 

Guild, P. (1997, September). Where do learning theories overlap. Retrieved fromhttp://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/sept97/vol55/num01/Where-Do-the-Learning-Theories-Overlap¢.aspx

Laureate Education, Inc. (Producer). (2013). "Connectivism" [Video webcast]. Retrievedfrom http://www.courseurl.com.

Connectivism

Connectivism: Mapping Your Learning Connections

Our global and technologically interconnected world has opened up learning for all. We are no longer bound by space and time ~ learning can take place anywhere and interactions happen between classmates and colleagues across the globe. “We are connected and therefore we are empowered to be part of the global conversation…” (Mcleod & Lehmann, 2012).   I have the choice to type or write and post or save my notes; access to information is instantaneous.  However, instant access to information also comes with responsibility; one that every scholar must learn. 

In this age of information, ignorance is a choice ~Donny Miller

Access to the internet with my smartphone has been the front-runner in the digital tool that best facilitates my learning. Having immediate access to information I need and the ability to learn anywhere has opened my up my world. Along with the internet, social media provides us with information; however, social media can just as easily provide us with misconstrued information. It is more important than ever to research the information you come across as too many take an online statements at ‘face-value’. Google and Google-Scholar have become my go-to source for verification.

References

McLeod, S., & Lehmann, C. (2012, August 9). Social media is changing the way we live and learn. Retrieved from http://josseybasseducation.com/technology/social-media-is-changing-the-way-we-live-and-learn/

The Brain and Learning

The Brain and Learning: 
Information Processing Theory and Problem-Solving Methods During the Learning Process

Levels of Processing in the Human Memory

“What is the best way to process information if you wish to remember that event at a later day” (Gernsbacher, Pew, Hough, Pomerantz, Bjork & Bjork, 2011, p. 76), basically how does one encode and then retrieve information?  The chapter, Level of Processing in Human Memory, focuses on how this is related to cognitive activities, such as, attention, perception, thinking and learning.   For an instructional designer to construct learning experiences that are current and effective they need to be aware of what levels of interaction and engagement is a suitable methodology.  This chapter in the text Psychology and the Real World, discusses various experiments and results relating to memory and cognitive activities.

Problem Solving and the Learning Process

In this blog, Melissa (no last name) discusses three tiers of problem solving; the first is directing the strategies to the classroom as a basic activity.  The second is to “implement (the strategies) in a team or group environment” (NMN, 2011).  Lastly, the third strategy is to give students the opportunity to complete the activity independently.   Melissa is a student of Instructional Design which makes this blog a great resource and she includes many scholarly ideas and links.

Gernsbacher, M. A., Pew, R. W., Hough, L. M., Pomerantz, J. R., Bjork, E. L., & Bjork, R. A. (2011). Psychology and the real world. New York: Worth Pub. Retrieved from http://books.google.com/books?id=8MH_KNE_9qwC&printsec

N.M.N, M. (2011, November 12). [Web log message]. Retrieved from http://teachlady.edublogs.org/2011/11/12/problem-solving-methods-during-the-learning-process/

WK1AssgnSmithM

Aside from our initial blog assignment, I reflected whether there was a tangible reason I needed to blog for this course (something I have never done). Two prevalent thoughts came to mind; the first being that the course/program is online – why not use the technology that I am already using as an alternative to turning in a paper. The second was how could  I be anything but excited about having a new experience that will only help me grow in my chosen field.  So after researching which blog to use and learning and understand new terms…here I am…welcome to my blog!

Mikah Jenae

I find Mikah J Pritchard’s blog full of relevant and instructive information. As she states, “I love technology, education and psychology. I have found a way to bring my passions together with instructional design” (Pritchard, 2011).  She discusses topics such as: Course Management Systems (CSM), Educational Technology, Instructional Objectives, Instructional Technology, and Transitions from Paper to Internet. The topics include step-by-step guides to help enable new (and seasoned) users to try and use a variety of different learning/teaching technologies.

Cathy Moore

Cathy Moore’s blog resonated with me because it is instructional design from a business perspective versus a higher education perspective. She states, “On this site, you’ll get ideas that will help you develop action-packed learning materials for working adults” (Moore, 2013).  She has an extensive and impressive list of commercial clients from around the globe. A few of the recent posted blogs were on topics such as: The Big Mistake in eLearning, Can We Use Training to Motivate and a variety of different techniques to action mapping the design process.

Julie Tausend

Julia Tausend blog mainly focuses on “Instructional Design, Educational Technology, Educational practices, application and theory” (Tausend, 2012). I appreciate that she included theory as a focus, as we have learned how important it is for an instructional designer to have this knowledge to be effective.

Resources

Moore, C. (2013, June 10). [Web log message]. Retrieved from http://blog.cathy-

moore.com/

Pritchard, M. (2011, May 10). [Web log message]. Retrieved from

http://www.mikahjenae.blogspot.com/

Tausend, J. (2012, September 24). [Web log message]. Retrieved from

http://julietausend.com/